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Emil Milan
Emil Milan ('ɛmil Mɪ'lɑːn; May 17, 1922 – April 5, 1985) was an American woodworker known for his carved bowls, birds, and other accessories and art in wood. Trained as a sculptor at the Art Students League of New York, he designed and made wooden ware in the New York City metropolitan area, and later in rural Pennsylvania where he lived alone and used his barn as a workshop. Participating in many woodworking, craft, and design exhibits of his day, his works are in the Smithsonian American Art Museum and Renwick Gallery, the Yale Art Gallery, the Center for Art in Wood, the Museum of Art and Design, and many private collections. Once prominent in midcentury modern design, Milan slipped into obscurity after his death.〔Gordon, B., Sartorius, N., and Jurus, P. (2010). Emil Milan: The (re)-introduction of a seminal American woodworker. ''Woodwork,'' Winter 2010, PPP. 64-68.〕 His legacy has been revived by an extensive biographical research project that has led to renewed interest in his life, work, and influence.
== Early life and education ==
Milan was born in Elizabeth, New Jersey and graduated from Abraham Clark High School in Roselle in 1940.〔Sartorius, N., Gordon, B., and Jurus, P. (2011). ''The Emil Milan Research Project''. Chapter on military service. p.1 (separately paginated). Report available from the Center for Craft, Creativity, and Design, Asheville, NC. 〕 He took up wood carving at an early age and learned shop skills from his father, who was an industrial welder. Attesting to his skill, one of his teachers paid him to carve a small wooden cow for her veterinarian brother.〔Worthington, K. (1979) Interview with Emil Milan, ''Sullivan Review,'' March 29, 1979.〕
He enlisted in the US Army in 1942, served as a Military Policeman in Europe during WWII, landing on Omaha Beach just after the invasion and advancing across France with the 1st Army. During that time, he continued occasional carving and produced provocative female figures for his fellow soldiers that he called "3D Pinups."〔Research Project Report, 2011, Chapter on "Military Service" (separately paginated), p.2-4〕 He was honorably discharged in Monmouth, NJ on November 17, 1945.
Supported by the GI Bill, he studied art and sculpture at the Art Students League of New York starting in 1946, enrolling in classes taught by noted artists Will Barnet, Jose De Creeft, William Zorach, and John Hovannes.〔Membership record of student Emil Milan, the Art Students League of New York, 215 West 57th Street, New York, NY 10019〕 The sculpture courses focused on the tools and techniques of modern sculpture and on the human figure.〔Research Project Report (2011). Chapter on ''The influence of the Art Students League of New York.'' (separately paginated).〕 Both de Creeft and Zorach taught then new methods of direct carving (taille directe) and both produced stylized forms, particularly of women. De Creeft also produced works in wood.〔Campos, J. (1972) ''Jose de Creeft.'' New York: Da Capo Press. Appendix (unpaginated). Figures 229-258.〕
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